Metal surfacing or abrading machine



S. H. LEAVENWORTH.

' METAL SURFACIN'G 0R ABRADING MACHINE.

- APPLICATION FILED FEB.24,1920. 1,413,171 Patented p 18, 1922.

5 SHEETS-SHEET l- ATTORNEYS.

S. H LEAVENWORTH. METAL sunmcnm 0R ABRADING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 24, .1920.

Patented Apr. 18, 1922.

5 SHEEI'S-SHEET 2.

' g mmvroa ATTbRNEY's.

I S. H. LEAVENWORTH.

METAL SURFACING OR ABRADING MACHINE.

Patented Apr. 18, 1922.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 24, 1920.

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w .....n I A ll JFE-LMEMI S. H. LEAVENWORTH. METAL SURFAC'ING 0R ABRADINGMACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 24, I920- Patented Apr. 18, 1922.

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MAM: M

s. H. LEAVENWORTH. METAL SURFACING 0R ABRADING MACHlNE- 1,413,171. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 24, 1920- Patented Apr 5 SHEETS-SHEET 5- IN V EN TOR.

A TTORNEYS.

stares PATENT OFFICE- sn'rn 1r. LEAVENWOR'IH, or noonns'rna, new YORK.

METAL sunreome on ABRADING MACHINE.

Application filed February 24, 1920. Serial No. 360,657.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Snrrrr H. LEAVEN- WORTH, a citizen of the United States and resident of Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Metal Surfacing or Abrading Machines, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to metal surfacing or abrading machines, and it has for an object to provide a machine which will treat metal surfaces in the same manner as theso-called sand bobbing process now carried out by skilled workmen who present the metal surface by hand to an abrading element. Another object of the invention is to support the work in cooperative relation to theabrading' element in such a manner that the surface may be treated notwithstanding its size or form within, of course, certain limits. Still another object of the invention is to feed a constant and effective supply of abrasive material at the point of engagement between the abrading element and the work piece. A further object of the inventionis to prevent the abrading element from operating too long a time on some portions of the work piece and too short a time on other portions of the work piece, as when the work piece has surfaces to be treated situated at different distances from the axis of rotation of such work piece.

To these and other ends the invention consists of certain parts and combinations of parts, all ofwhich will be hereinafter described, the novel features being pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 shows in front elevation, a metal surfacing machine constructed in accordance with this invention, the machine being adjusted for operating on deep receptacles or elongated work;

Fig. 2 shows in side elevation, the work supporting mechanism with the abrasive I feeding 1nechan1sm,the work supporting mechanism being only partially shown;

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the work supporting mechanism with parts in section, showing the machine provided with the an gle attachment permitting the surfacing of fiat-or shallow work, the angle attachment being shifted to an abnormal position for facilitating illustration;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional View of the lower portion of the work supporting frame;

Fig. 5 is a section on the line 55, Fig. 3

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr, 18, 1922,

showing the detaining means for holding the ,ment for shallow, flat or substantially fiat work;

F ig. 10 is a sectional view through the angle attachment showing the manner in which the latter cooperates with the abrading element or tool;

Fig. 11 is a detail view showing the manner in which deep work pieces are sup-ported .in cooperation w th the abrading element;

Fig. 12 is a detail sectional view showing the manner in which the direction of rotation of certain parts may be changed to correspond to the work piece;

Fig. 13 is a section on the line 1313, Fi 12;

*ig. 14 is a vertical section through the feeding mechanism of the abrasive material;

Fig. 15 is a fragmentary section at right angles to that shown in Fig. 14, the guiding or directing means being shown in elevation; and

Fig. 16 is an enlarged section through another embodiment of the guiding or direct-;.

ing device for the abrasive material.

1 At the present time in the surfacing or abrading of irregularly shaped bodies of metal pre aratory to the plating of such bodies, it is customary to provide a rotat- 'ing polishing-or abrading tool against which the irregularly shaped work is brought by hand, the operative at the same time feeding by hand to the metal surface, the abrasive material such as powdered pumice stone and oil; This method is not only slow, but it requires skilled and highly paid work men of long experience, thus making the cost of surfacing, or as it is called sand bobbing the body, a very expensive operation.

has been provided which may be operated by unskilled workmen, provision being made whereby relative movement between the abrading element and the work piece is obtained in a manner to correspond to the shape and size of the work piece, while at the same time, the abrasive material is fed at the point of contact between the abrading element and the work piece.

1 'Referring to the embodiment of the invention herein illustrated, 1 indicates the abrading or polishing element which may be of a form most desirable for the work operated upon. In this embodiment, this abrading element is a disk shaped rotary member formed of fabric or other suitable f yielding material and mounted upon a shaft 2 supported in bearings upon a frame 3, the shaft having an idler 4E and a fixed pulley 5 thereon for engagement by a belt 6, which may be shifted fromone pulley to the other through the shifter 7. 7

The abrasive material, such as pumice stone, may be containedin a hopper 8 supported above the abrading element 1 preferably by a frame 9 suspended from the ceiling of the building-in which the apparatus is arranged. The flow through the discharge opening 10 of this hopper may be controlled by a rotary pocketed or bladed member 11 which has a shaft 12extended to one side of the discharge opening 10 with a pulley 13 loosely mounted thereon and adapted to be connected to and disconnected from the shaft bya sliding clutch collar lat. This pulley may be driven in any suitable manner. In this instance; it connects by a belt 15 with a pulley 16 on the end of a vertical shaft 17 which in turn is driven in any suitable manner. In order to agitate the material within the hopper 8, an agitator is provided preferably'in theform of a vertical shaft 18 having scraper'arms 19-and driven preferably through a sprocket 20 on said shaft 18, said sprocket through a chain 21 connecting with a sprocket 22 on the shaft 17. In order to guide and direct the abrasive material from the discharge opening 10 to the abrading' element 1,a guiding and directing device is employed preferably in the form of an open ended chute or receptacle 23 which is disposed directly beneath the discharge opening 10 and is preferably adjustably supported through an arm 2eextending' rearwardly from the receptacle and adjustable in a clamp '25 which in turn is adjustably mounted on a rod 26 depending from the frame 9 in rear of the shown in Fig. 15 in dotted lines.

on opposite sides of the abrading element,

be madeto correspond to the thick- .ing fastening devices 23 to said flanges, said iopper 8. The guiding and directing chute 23 is preferably in the form of an open ended box having inside thereof, two deflecting plates 27 adjustably mounted in the 7 front and rear walls of the receptacle 23 on y 7 c a bolt 28 so that they may be made to cone According to this invention, a machine verge toward the abrading element 1 as I An apron 29 may be secured to thereceptacle 23 and is preferably in the form of an angle plate adjustably secured to the front wall by a fastening device 30 operating in a slot 31 in the apron. This apron is provided in order that the material dropping on the abrading element 1 will be carried by the latter downwardly through the point of engagement between the abrading element and the work piece. In Fig. 16, a modification of the uiding and directing chute is illustrated. in this modification, the re ceptacle 23 has its sidewalls provided with depending flanges 28' one of the sidewalls indicated at 23 being adjustable so that the flanges, which are projected downwardly ness of the abrading' element. Adjustment of the wall 23 may be provided byprovid- .ing the latter with flanges 23 and connectfastening devices operating in slots 23 in the front and rear walls of the receptacle 23 Instead of two deflectors, the receptacle is provided with three; deflectors 27 in order to break up the abrasive material 00 as well'as to direct the same to anduniformly over the abrading element whatever theposition ofthe latter may be.

The machine has been shown as adapted for working upon two types of work pieces,

one indicated at 32 being of elongated construction' and the other indicated at .33 being of flat or shallow construction. 'When used for operating on deep or elongated work i pieces, a head 34 is employed of a shape '110 2 preferably to fit. within the elongatedwork piece 32, said head preferably having at intervals, pieces 85 of yielding or friction producing material which will engage the interior wall of the hollow work piece32 ll5 for sustaining the work piece upon the head.

The head is rotated in a manner'to cause the work piece to be rotated in contact with the abrading element 1, being in this instance,'secured by a set screw 36 to a shaft 37 which turns in a frame or arm 38.

When used for abrading or polishing flat or shallow objects 83, the latter is held against a head 133 by suitable holding means such as a screw 133 and the head is. rotated 25 preferably about two parallel axes out of alignment with each other for the purpose of crossing the cuts made by the abrasive material and destroying the tendency of the abrading element to cut spiral lines on 7130 securekl by I .in which a crank pm 137 18 mounted to turn.

also enables the abradthe work piece.

the center of the ing' element to cut across work piece without having a high point'of slowest surfacespeed at a fixed ax1s of cen-v This result may be. secured by form the head with asleeve 134 detachably a set screw 135 to a sleeve 136 ter. mg

The sleeve 136 has a pinion 138 at its inner ,end which meshes withfan internal gear 139 on a non-rotating part 140 in which a shaft 141 turnsysaid shaft 141 carryingthe crank or wrist pin 137 eccentrically thereto so that when the shaft'141 is rotated, the wrist pin 137 will be caused to revolve and carry the head 7133 with the work piece 33 in a circle ,while'at'the same time the work piece will be caused to rotate about an axis concentric therewith through the meshing. "of the gear 138 with the internal gear 139. The shaft 141ismounted in a frame 142 to which the part 140 is detachably secured at 143 so thatdirect drive-may be obtained by fastening the sleeve 134to the shaft 141. The frame 142 is pivotally' connected by a pin 144' with a bracket 145' formed in two parts and detaeh'ably secured by" bolts 146 to a frame 38, thus permitting the frame 142 to'swing at an angle to the frame 38. To the end" that a s'tnbfshaft 141 may be driven from the shaft 37, a bevelfgear 147 jthatwork pieces ofvarioussizes and may be treated upon the m'a'chlne. In this is detachablysecured to theshaft'37 I to mesh with a bevelgear 148 which turns on the 3 pin 144 and inlturn meshes with a bevel gearj149 on shaft 141.

' The shaft 37 "ssup'ported andmoved so shapes embodiment the frame 38 is mounted toturn about: an upright axis on another frame 39,

the frame 38 beingheldin an adjristedpost tion on said frame 39 by bolts 40 carried by the frame 39 and operating in arcuate slots 41 concentric with the axis -of'turning of the frame 38. The franie 39 preferably mounted to reciprccate on a frame 42 provided with horizontal guides, the frame 42'carrying a shaft 43 parallel with the line of movement of the frame 39 for transmittin motion to the shaft 37 on the frame '38. Inthis instance, this motion is transmitted through a bevel gear 44 on the shaft 37meshingw1th a bevel gear 45 on a stub shaft 46 which turns in the bearing in a br the the frame in the bracket 71 is concentric with the slots 53 formed in the cover 54 of the housing. ,This cover 54 also has a bracket 55 on the exterior of the housing on which a lever 56 is pivoted at 57, said lever being extended into engagement with the slide 51 openings 59. When secured in one of said openings, the gear 49 will lie in mesh with thegear 48 whereas, when secured in the other opening, the gear 50 will lie in mesh with the gear 48 and this meshing will be maintained notwithstanding the reciprocation' of the frame 39 on the frame 42 The purpose of this change is to permit the work piece to be rotated in one and the same direction notwithstanding the use of the angle attachment for flat work which, if this change gear were-not provided, would give the work piece a movement in the opposite direction. v

The shaft 43 may be driven in any suita ble manner as'for instance by a bevel gear '60 which in turn meshes with a bevel gear T61 on the shaft 62 at the innerend of the frame arm 42. The shaft 62 also carries a bevel gear 63 meshin with a bevel gear 64 'on a vertical shaft 65 journalled on the frame arm 42 and driven in any suitable "manner but preferably having ZL'llDlVBK'SZtl oint 65 therein to permit the bodily movef'ment of'the work piece.

Mechanism is provided for reciprocatory motion to the frame or carr1age'39 and this reciprocatory motlon 18 so controlled that it will cause the movement of the motion of the reciprocatory frame 39 to dwell longer at those points where the abrading element is operating on the work piece farthest from the axis of rotation of the work piece and shorter those points where the abrading element working on the work piece nearest the center of rotation of the work piece, the purpose or this being to prevent any portion of the work piece being surfaced or abraded. greater than another portlonfor it will be apparent that if the work piece is held in engagement with the abrading element, the samelength of time nearest its center of rotation as it is farthest removed from the center, then the portion nearest the center will receive mhre polishing than the'portion farthest removed from the Cen ter. A desirable form for this reciprocating mechanism comprises gear wheel 66 mounted on the shaft 62 which meshes with pinion in'tnrn meshing witha pinion 68, Lih'e A wnich is adjustable in a slot 70 formed 71 which is detachably secured The slot 70 trains by bolts 72.

hearing opening of the 68 and provides for the substitution of a larger gear imparting a pinion 67 is supported on a shaft 70 and having its opposite end adapted to be secured by a bolt 58 in either one of two its order-to cooperate 'with different portions of a curved or irregularly formed way in a swinging-member detachably pivoted at 'I'Tlto the .42. The curved way 78 is formed 1n suclra manner'that amovement may be imparted to theswinging member through the crank pin/1- 5 which will corre-' spond' to the desired bodily movement of the work piece. so that" the abrading; element will operate onthe worl-r'piece'an amount substantially 7 equal to the distance the field of operation is situated-from the axis ofv rotation of the work piece. The" swinging I member 76 is removableso that a'swinging memberhaving another formrofwny may be used when the one herein shown does not provide the proper movement. i The con-- nection between the sw nging member 76' and the reciprocatory carriage 39 may be establishedthrough a pitman 80 which is pivoted at 81 to 1a-bloclr82 ad ustable ona ."wayv83 formedon one side of the swinging -Il'l6n1b6l' *76, theswingmg member having also a similar way 83 on the opposite side ,so' that by rex' ersing the swingingmember a movement in the opposite direction is provided which will give still further adjust-I ":inents. 'The pitman v80 has a resilient portion. 84. and is pivotally connected. at 85 i with the reciprocatory carriage .39,jthe 1 e-' .siiient portion being provided to prevent. "any. undue strain between the work piece *and'the abrading element. I

The frame 4C2is preferably mounted to swing about an upright axis and it is also preferably vertically ad]ustable.

a screw 86 on a frame 87 and mounting said screw to turn inbearings 88 at its upper and lower ends. Two nuts 89 are provided on the. screw and between these nuts the frame dQis secured, the ad ustment of the nuts on the screw effecting the vertical. adjust- ",ment ofthe swinging frame 42 and the turning-of the screw in its bearing providing for the swinging of the frameabout an upright axis. The .frame -l2 is vertically adjustable "in order that the axis'of the work piece may be substantially arranged in a horizontal plane wlth the axis of rotation -of the rotary abrading element and the This re sult is securedin this instance, by providing ,work piece. 7 7 h the abrading element whether near to or far from the axis of rotation of the work swinging of the frame about a vertical axis is provided in order that the workmayfbe yieldingly held toward the .abrading element so that the work may swing toward and from the abrading element to a'ccommo- 7 date machines to different portions'of the is preferably secured by providing a at the top of theframe 87 and connecting 7 0 fwork piece. The yielding in this instance,

counterweight 90' which'is suspended by a" flexible cable 9l passing about a pulley 92 with an arm93 on the screw 86. For 'tjhe purpose of holding lthevvork piece away .from the abradingelement, a detent '94 may be provided "pivoted at 95 and held" underthe action of a spring 96 mm cooperation with the periphery ofia disk 97 'whichpen mits theordinary s winging of the frame 42,

but when the-frame is swung to a certain position, a shoulder or abutment 98 on this disk will be engaged by 'the-f ldetent 94, and hold the 'w'ork piece away from the;

abrading element. y I v Theframe 87. may be mountedltojswing abouta horizontal axis and also' to move horizontally in two directionsfat right angles to each other.

The first'of these results isfor the purpose of causing the work piece to bepresented to the abrading workpiece by previous-operations, suchfas .spiimingf will be-obliterated, preferably obtained by pivoting. the frame atj99jon'ja shaft elementiat an angle so that lines left onthe which isf'sup'ported fbytwo brackets 100,

adjusting devices in the {formoflbolts .101

and slots 102 in onegof the bracketssecuring the frame 87 -in' its adjusted position about its axis 99,.- The brackets'lOO are preferably formed on a "carriage 103 which ,is guidedon ways104; on another carriage-105, the latter moving onzways' 106 formed o'n'a. base 107.

Adjusting screws108aand 109 may be providedrespectively for moving; the carriage 103 on the carriagel05 and, the carriage on, the base 107. i

V A metal surfacing machine*constructedin 110 apcordance with thisinvention makes it possible to dlspense withskilled laborfor surfacing'metal ware goods. It performs the process' The abrasive. material orjfsubstance is fed at the point of. contaet'between the work piece and the abrading element, these two parts being subjected to rotation :in the same direction at their po-int of contact but, at different speeds. In ;addi-tion, thework" piece is given a bodily movement which corresponds to the form shape and size of the Provision is made whereby ,work similar" to I the usual sand bobbing I piece has sufiicient time to properly surface such work piece. The mechanism .as a whole is simple in operation and is provided v piece.

with adjustments which permit articles of various forms, sh apes and sizes to be worked u on. w

' Vhat'I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is;-

1. A metal surfacingmachine comprising an abrading element rotatable about a horizontal axis, means for supporting a work piece for rotary engagement with that portion of; the abradingelement moving downwardly, a chute for delivering an abrasive substance to the rotary abrading element above the axis of said element, and anapron arranged between said chute and the point of engagement of the rotary abrad ing element with the work piece for the purpose of causing the abrading element,

through centrifugal force to carry the abrasive substance to the point of contact between the 'abrading element and the work 2. A metal surfacing machine comprising an abrading element rotatable about a horizontal axis, mechanism for supporting the work piece for cooperation with that por tion of the rotary abrading element which turns downwardly, and mechanism for delivering an abrasive substance to the point of contact between the abrading element and the work piece comprisinga hopper, a chute arranged above the abrading element and below the hopper to direct the abrasive substance on the abrading element, means permitting the adjustment of the chute rel atively to the hopper and the abrading element to accommodate abrading elementsvof different sizes, and mechanism for'feeding the abrasive substance from the hopper jto thechute.

A metal surfacing machine comprising an abrading element rotatable about a horizontal axis, mechanism for supporting the work piece for cooperation with that portion of the rotary abrading element which turns downwardlyy and mechanism for delivering an abrasive substance at the point of contact between the abrading element and the work piece comprising a chute arranged to deliver material ont-he abrading element,- a hopper, and a rotary measuring feeding 7 device for feeding the abrasive substance from'thehopper to the chute in measured quantities,

4. A; metal surfacing machine comprising an abrading element rotatable about a hori zontal axis, mechanism for supporting the work piece for cooperation with that portion ofthe rotary abrading element which turns downwardly, and mechanism for delivering an abrasive substance at the point of con tact between the abrading element and the work piece comprising a chute arranged to deliver the abrasive substance to the abrading element above the axis of the 1atter,'a

hopper, a rotary feeding device for feeding the abrasive substance from the hopper to the chute, an agitator in the hopper, and, a

common driving mechanism for the agitator of contact between the abrading element and the work piece comprising a chute arranged to deliver the abrasive substance to the abrading element above the axis of the latter, a hopper, a feeding device for feed ing the material from the hopper to the chute, and mechanism for operating said rotary feeding device having manually controllable means therein for stopping and starting the feeding device.

6. A metal surfacing machine comprising an abrading element rotatable about a horizontal axis, mechanism for supporting the work piece for cooperation with that. portion of the rotary abrading element which turns downwardly, and mechanism for delivering an abrasive substance at the point of contact between the abrading element and the work piece comprising a chute having adjustable deflectors therein for adapting said chute to abrading elements of different thicknesses. V p

7 A metal surfacing machine comprising an abrading elementrotated about a horizontal axis, mechanism for supporting the work piece for cooperation with that portion of the rotary abrading elementwhich turns downwardly, and mechanism for delivering an abrasive substance at the point,

of contact between the abrading element and the work piece comprising a chute having side walls projecting downwardly on opposite sides of the abrading element.

8. A metal surfacing machine comprising an abrading element rotated about a horizontal axis, mechanism for supporting the work piece for cooperation with that portion of the rotary abrading element which turns downwardly, and mechanism fordelivering an abrasive substance at the point of contact between the abrading' element and the work piece comprising a chute havlng side walls "projecting,downwardly on op-.

posite sidesof the abradingelement, said side walls having relative adjustmentto vary the distance between them.

9. A metal surfacing machine comprising an abrading element rotatable about'a horizontal axis, mechanism for supporting the work piece for cooperation with that portion of the rotary abrading element which turns downwardly, and mechanism for, de-

livering fan abrasive-substance at the point of contact between the abrading element and the work piece comprising a chute having side walls projected downwardly on oppo-.

portion of the rotary 'abradingf element i vhi'ch' turns d-ownward1y,and mechanism for delivering an abrasive substance, at'the 15 point of, contact between theabrading'element and thework piece comprising chute hmng slde Walls ivroiected e n ardly on opposite sides ofthe abradingl ele-nient, and an apron arranged between the chute iand the point of contact *betweenthe abrading element and the work piece, said apron be ing adjustablysupported by the chute.-

SETH I'I. LEAVENW ORTH;

Certificate of Correction.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,413,171, granted April 18,

1922, upon the application of Seth H. Leavenworth, of Rochester, New York, for

an improvement in Metal Surfacing or Abrading Machines, an error appears in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: At the end of the specification insert the following reservation:

No claim is herein made to the construction of the work holder, and the adjustment and means for reciprocating the turning the work, as the subject matter thereof forms the basis of an applicationfiled by me on November 13, 1920, Serial No. 423,970.;

and that said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 16th day of May, A. 1)., 1922.

[SEAL] KARL FENNING,

Acting Oommissioner 0 Patents. 

